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Placenta and Umbilical Cord Explained for Parents

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What the placenta and umbilical cord are

The placenta is an organ that develops during pregnancy and attaches to the wall of the uterus. It acts as the connection point between the pregnant parent and the baby. The umbilical cord is the cord-like structure attached to the baby that connects baby to the placenta. Together, they help support pregnancy by delivering oxygen and nutrients to the baby and carrying waste products away.

How the placenta works during pregnancy

Delivers oxygen and nutrients

The placenta passes oxygen and important nutrients from the pregnant parent’s blood to the baby, helping baby grow and develop throughout pregnancy.

Removes waste

Waste products from the baby move back through the placenta so the pregnant parent’s body can process and remove them.

Supports fetal development

The placenta also produces hormones that help maintain pregnancy and support healthy fetal development.

What the umbilical cord does for baby

Connects baby to the placenta

The umbilical cord is attached to baby at the belly button area and links baby directly to the placenta during pregnancy.

Carries blood between baby and placenta

Blood vessels inside the umbilical cord move oxygen and nutrients to baby and carry waste away from baby.

Protects those blood vessels

A soft, jelly-like substance inside the cord helps cushion and protect the blood vessels while baby moves in the uterus.

How baby gets nutrients through the placenta

Baby does not eat or breathe directly in the womb. Instead, nutrients and oxygen pass through the placenta and travel through the umbilical cord to baby. This is why the placenta function in pregnancy is so important: it helps provide what baby needs for growth while also helping remove carbon dioxide and other waste.

What happens after birth

The umbilical cord is clamped and cut

After baby is born, the umbilical cord is clamped and cut. Baby no longer needs the cord because breathing and feeding begin in new ways after birth.

The placenta is delivered

After the baby is born, the placenta is also delivered. This is sometimes called the third stage of labor.

The cord stump heals

A small stump remains on baby’s belly for a short time after birth. It dries up and falls off as the area heals.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the placenta and umbilical cord?

The placenta is an organ that forms during pregnancy and attaches to the uterus. The umbilical cord connects the baby to the placenta. Together, they help deliver oxygen and nutrients to baby and remove waste.

How does the placenta work during pregnancy?

The placenta works as a support system for the baby during pregnancy. It transfers oxygen and nutrients to baby, removes waste products, and makes hormones that help maintain pregnancy.

What does the umbilical cord do for baby?

The umbilical cord carries blood between baby and the placenta. This allows baby to receive oxygen and nutrients and send waste products back to the placenta.

How is the umbilical cord attached to baby?

The umbilical cord is attached to baby at the belly button area. After birth, the remaining stump dries and falls off, leaving the navel.

What happens to the placenta after birth?

After the baby is born, the placenta is delivered from the uterus. This happens after birth as part of the normal labor and delivery process.

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